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Between 2007 and 2017, a staggering USD 50 billion were invested in the African port sector. With growth of 7% a year in maritime traffic of all types and a four-fold increase in maritime trade, driven in particular by Asia, Africa is the focus of renewed interest.

Fad, smokescreen or real paradigm shift? CSR generates interest as well as controversy. Yet despite this, the last decade has seen it spread across every continent, transforming businesses. More and more private companies are taking their stakeholders’ interests into account and incorporating environmental, social and governance concerns into their operations. The CSR movement is a reality and the major international organisations have produced guidelines, norms and standards to provide the private sector with the relevant benchmarks and references.

Significant progress has been achieved in the education sphere since the World Education Forum in Dakar in 2000. In ten years, the number of children attending primary school in the world’s developing countries has risen - by more than 40 million in low- and medium-income countries. This progress has steadily spread into secondary and higher education, too. Yet wider access to education has often been attained at the cost of quality.